New laws let foreign investors take controlling shares in local companies and have sharply dropped minimum capital requirements 新的法律允許外國(guó)投資者控股本土企業(yè)并且大幅度降低了準(zhǔn)入資金。
Increasing the minimum capital requirement for locally incorporated bank applicants from hk 150 million to hk 300 million and extending this requirement to overseas - incorporated bank applicants in respect of the bank as a whole 將本地注冊(cè)申請(qǐng)機(jī)構(gòu)的最低資本要求由億港元,調(diào)高至億港元。這項(xiàng)規(guī)定同時(shí)適用于境外注冊(cè)申請(qǐng)機(jī)構(gòu)以銀行整體而言。
The three pillars of basel ii are intended to be mutually reinforcing : the minimum capital requirements in pillar 1 and the supervisory review process in pillar 2 are complemented by pillar 3 , which relates to enhanced market discipline through disclosures by banks 資本協(xié)定二的三項(xiàng)支柱具相輔相成的作用,其中第一及第二支柱分別所載的最低資本要求與監(jiān)管檢討程序,與第三支柱所載的透過(guò)銀行資料披露加強(qiáng)市場(chǎng)自律的規(guī)定互相配合。
Suggesting that the minimum capital requirement remains an effective policy instrument even though banks in hong kong consistently maintain capital adequacy ratios above the regulatory requirement , and basel ii is expected to help address the issue of how banks can improve the use of their capital 析述盡管本港銀行一直維持高于監(jiān)管要求的資本充足比率,最低資本要求仍然是有效的政策工具文章亦預(yù)期資本協(xié)定二將有助銀行改善資本運(yùn)用。
When the corporate cont ribution is above the statutory minimum requirement , but below the registered capital amount filed with the registration authority , and is insufficient to satisfy the minimum capital requirement demanded by the potential business risks accrued to specific industry or size of the corporation , serious under capitalization shall be deemed to exist . in this case , the doctrine of piercing corporate veil shall be applied , and the shareholders shall be held liable for the debt of the corporation . when other circumstances of insufficient contribution made by the shareholders occur , the creditors may demand such shareholders to make up the contribution to the extent of the difference between the amount of the capital already made by the shareholders and the amount of the capital the shareholder subscribed 在股東出資瑕疵而使公司資本低于法律規(guī)定的最低資本額時(shí),屬于設(shè)立瑕疵,宣布公司設(shè)立無(wú)效或撤銷公司登記,全面、永久、徹底否認(rèn)公司人格,股東承擔(dān)無(wú)限連帶責(zé)任;公司資本已經(jīng)達(dá)到法律規(guī)定的最低資本額但與在登記機(jī)關(guān)實(shí)際登記的資本不相符,并且不能滿足公司所從事的行業(yè)或規(guī)模對(duì)經(jīng)營(yíng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的最低要求時(shí),則認(rèn)定公司資本顯著不足,適用公司法人格否認(rèn)法理,在個(gè)案中責(zé)成股東承擔(dān)無(wú)限連帶責(zé)任;在股東出資瑕疵的其他情形下,賦予債權(quán)人越過(guò)公司直接向股東追繳出資的權(quán)利,但債權(quán)人行使請(qǐng)求權(quán)的范圍為股東已經(jīng)繳納的出資額和其認(rèn)購(gòu)的資本領(lǐng)之差額。
This accord regards " minimum capital requirement , supervisory review process , market discipline " as its props , provides a series of scheme of deal with credit risk , market risk and operation risk , displays t sufficiently the newest achievements about risk management and the newest change of supervision practice and have the appropriate foresight 該協(xié)議以“最低資本要求、監(jiān)管部門(mén)的監(jiān)督檢查和市場(chǎng)約束”為三大支柱,提供了處理信用風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、市場(chǎng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和操作風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的一攬子方案,充分體現(xiàn)了風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理的最新成果以及監(jiān)管實(shí)踐的最新變化,具有相當(dāng)?shù)那罢靶浴?
The main proposals include reducing the asset size criterion for overseas - incorporated bank applicants , reducing from ten to three years the period of operation as a restricted licence bank or deposit - taking company to upgrade to licensed bank status , and increasing the minimum capital requirement for locally incorporated bank applicants 主要建議包括:降低境外注冊(cè)銀行申請(qǐng)人的資產(chǎn)額要求、將有限制牌照銀行及接受存款公司升格為持牌銀行所需的期限由10年縮短至3年,以及調(diào)高本地注冊(cè)銀行申請(qǐng)人的最低資本要求。
The proposed new framework consists of three pillars : minimum capital requirements , which seek to develop and expand on the standardized rules set forth in the 1988 accord ; supervisory review of an institution s capital adequacy and internal assessment process ; and effective use of market discipline as a lever to strengthen disclosure and encourage safe and sound banking practices 另外,在該種情況下,規(guī)定20的比例太高了,合適的比例應(yīng)該是不超過(guò)1或者2 。至于說(shuō)其它的一些事項(xiàng),例如在正常的商業(yè)活動(dòng)中所發(fā)生的損失,應(yīng)該作為一種例子,在本條第5項(xiàng)中加以規(guī)定。
In june , 2004 , the basel committee released the final version of the new framework , which bases upon three pillars : minimum capital requirements , supervisory review process , and market discipline . it covers the credit risk , the market risk , and the operational risk . and its core is irb 2004年6月巴塞爾委員會(huì)公布了《新巴塞爾協(xié)議》的最終稿,新協(xié)議以信用風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、市場(chǎng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、操作風(fēng)險(xiǎn)為范疇,以內(nèi)部評(píng)級(jí)制度為核心,以最低資本要求、外部監(jiān)管、市場(chǎng)約束為三大支柱,為全球銀行監(jiān)管提供了新的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
百科解釋
Academics, practitioners, and regulators all recognise and agree that capital is required for banks to operate smoothly because capital provides protection. The critical question is how much, and what type of, capital a bank needs to hold so that it has adequate protection.